翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Cost Recovery Corporation ・ Cost reduction ・ Cost report ・ Cost segregation study ・ Cost sharing ・ Cost Sports Center ・ Cost the limit of price ・ Cost to company ・ Cost to serve ・ Cost, Texas ・ Cost-based anti-spam systems ・ Cost-effective minimum water network ・ Cost-effectiveness analysis ・ Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry ・ Cost-exchange ratio ・ Cost-loss model ・ Cost-minimization analysis ・ Cost-of-living index ・ Cost-of-production theory of value ・ Cost-plus contract ・ Cost-plus pricing ・ Cost-plus pricing with elasticity considerations ・ Cost-plus-incentive fee ・ Cost-push inflation ・ Cost-shifting ・ Cost-weighted activity index ・ Costa ・ Costa (coral) ・ Costa (surname) ・ Costa Andricopoulos Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Cost-loss model ： ウィキペディア英語版 Cost-loss model The cost-loss model, also called the cost/loss model or the cost-loss decision model, is a model used to understand how the predicted probability of adverse events affects the decision of whether to take a costly precautionary measure to protect oneself against losses from that event. The threshold probability above which it makes sense to take the precautionary measure equals the ratio of the cost of the preventative measure to the loss averted, and this threshold is termed the cost/loss ratio or cost-loss ratio.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Cost/loss model and the relative value )〕 The model is typically used in the context of using prediction about weather conditions to decide whether to take a precautionary measure or not. ==Mathematical model== Suppose we are concerned about the occurrence of an adverse event (such as rainfall during an outdoor picnic). Suppose that, if we do not take any action to address the possibility, and the adverse event does occur, we incur a loss ''L''. On the other hand, if we undertake the specified precautionary action (which may mean taking umbrellas or tents to the picnic, or changing the picnic venue to a worse but rain-free location), then, regardless of whether or not the adverse event occurs, we incur a cost ''C''.〔 In other words, our matrix of costs is as follows: Suppose the probability of the adverse event occurring is ''p''. Then, the expected cost of taking the precautionary action is ''C'' and the expected cost of not taking the precautionary action is ''pL''. Therefore, the precautionary action passes a cost-benefit analysis if (or equivalently, ) and fails such an analysis if $C\; >\; pL$ (or equivalently, $C/L\; >\; p$). The case $C\; =\; pL$ is the case of indifference between taking and not taking the precautionary action. Thus, the threshold probability above which it makes sense to take the precautionary action is $C/L$. This ratio is termed the cost-loss ratio. Note that in the case that $C\; >\; L$, it never makes sense to take the precautionary action, because even if we were certain of the event occurring, the cost of the precautionary action would still be greater than the loss experienced. Note that, due to risk aversion, the values of cost and loss measured above need not be the same as the monetary values even in the case that they depend only on monetary values. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cost-loss model」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.